The corneal transplant process begins with a comprehensive evaluation of the patient's eye condition to determine the most suitable type of transplant. Donated corneas are obtained from accredited eye banks, where they undergo rigorous testing to ensure their safety and absence of diseases. There are several types of corneal transplants depending on the affected part of the cornea: Penetrating Keratoplasty (PK), which involves replacing all layers of the cornea, and Lamellar Keratoplasty, which replaces only specific layers, such as Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty (DALK) for the front and middle layers, and Endothelial Keratoplasty (EK) like DSAEK and DMEK for the inner endothelial layer. The surgery is performed under local or general anesthesia, where the damaged portion of the patient's cornea is removed and replaced with the donor cornea. The donor cornea is secured with very fine stitches in full-thickness or anterior lamellar transplants, or with an air bubble to help position the tissue in endothelial transplants. The surgery typically takes between one to two hours. After the surgery, a shield is placed over the eye, and the patient is given eye drops and medications to aid healing and prevent rejection.