Herniated Disc Surgery (Discectomy)

Diagnosis is based on the patient’s medical history and physical and neurological examination. An MRI scan may be recommended to identify the location and size of the herniation and determine whether it is compressing a spinal nerve. X-rays or CT scans may also be used in selected cases.

Treatment depends on the severity of symptoms and the degree of nerve involvement.

Non-surgical treatment may include:

• Relative rest and activity modification.

• Physical therapy.

• Pain-relieving or anti-inflammatory medications when appropriate.

• Exercises to improve strength and flexibility.

• Epidural or nerve-targeted injections in selected cases.

Discectomy Surgery may be recommended when severe pain persists despite conservative treatment, when there is significant muscle weakness or neurological impairment, or when a nerve is significantly compressed.

During the procedure, the surgeon accesses the affected area and removes the herniated portion of the disc that is compressing the nerve, relieving pressure and allowing the nerve to recover.

Goals of Surgery

Discectomy aims to:

• Relieve pressure on the affected nerve.

• Reduce pain radiating into the arm or leg.

• Relieve numbness and tingling.

• Improve strength and mobility.

• Improve the ability to perform daily activities.

• Reduce the risk of persistent or worsening neurological symptoms in appropriate cases.

Recovery varies depending on the location and severity of the herniated disc, the surgical technique used, and the patient’s overall health. Physical therapy and rehabilitation may be recommended to restore movement and strength and support a gradual return to normal activities.