Types of Immunotherapy

1. Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors:

• These drugs remove barriers that cancer cells use to evade immune attacks.
• Examples include Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) and Nivolumab (Opdivo), used for lung cancer and melanoma.

2. CAR-T Cell Therapy:

• This involves extracting immune cells from the patient, modifying them genetically in a lab to better recognize cancer cells, and reinfusing them into the body.
• Mainly used for blood cancers such as leukemia and lymphoma.

3. Monoclonal Antibodies (mAbs):

• Lab-engineered proteins that bind to cancer cells, making them easier for the immune system to attack.
• Examples include Rituximab for lymphoma.

4. Cancer Vaccines:

• Designed to stimulate the immune system to fight cancer, such as Sipuleucel-T (Provenge) for prostate cancer.

5. Interleukins and Interferons:

• These substances boost immune responses and enhance the activity of immune cells against tumors.