A bone density scan, also known as Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA or DXA scan), is a non-invasive imaging test that measures bone mineral density (BMD) to assess bone strength and detect osteoporosis or risk of fractures.

This test is commonly recommended for individuals at risk of bone loss due to aging, hormonal changes, or certain medical conditions. It helps doctors determine if preventive or corrective treatment is needed to maintain bone health.

The DEXA scan is the gold standard for evaluating bone density. The procedure:

• Uses low-dose X-rays to measure calcium and mineral content in bones.
• Focuses on key areas like the spine, hips, and wrists, where fractures are most common.
• Is quick, painless, and takes about 10-20 minutes.

Results are provided in T-scores and Z-scores:

• T-score: Compares bone density to that of a healthy young adult.
  • Normal: Above -1.0
  • Osteopenia (low bone mass): Between -1.0 and -2.5
  • Osteoporosis: Below -2.5
• Z-score: Compares bone density to people of the same age, gender, and size.